Adjudicating Heresy: “Sexual Cultivation” and Secular Law in Hong Kong

When claims of spiritual power collide with criminal law, where should a secular court draw the line? This article explores how Hong Kong judges have dealt with cases involving Taoist “sexual cultivation” rituals, in which sex is presented as a path to fortune, healing, or spiritual benefit. By tracing several high-profile prosecutions, Kwan Yuk Sing shows how courts have leaned on established Taoist institutions to dismiss these practices as fraud or heresy. While this approach helps protect victims from exploitation, it also pulls the judiciary into defining what counts as “real” religion. The author argues that these cases expose an unresolved tension at the heart of Hong Kong’s legal system: how to safeguard individuals without turning secular courts into arbiters of religious truth.